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 136               <h1>
 136                 Remands to Local Authority Accommodation or to Youth Detention Accommodation
 136               </h1>
 141               <div class="well">
 142                 <p class="bold">
 142                   SCOPE OF THIS CHAPTER
 143                 </p>
 144                 <p>
 144                   Whenever a court refuses bail to a child/young person (aged 10-17), the child will be
                       remanded to local authority accommodation unless certain conditions are met, in which case
                       the court may instead remand the child to youth detention accommodation. Every such child
                       (whether remanded to Youth Detention Accommodation or to local authority accommodation) will
                       be treated as looked after by their designated local authority.
 144                 </p>
 145                 <p>
 145                   See also the following chapters:
 145                 </p>
 146                 <p>
 146                   <a href="p_look_aft_rev.html">
 146                     Case Reviews Procedure
 146                   </a>
 146                 </p>
 147                 <p>
 147                   <a href="p_sw_visits.html">
 147                     Social Worker Visits to Children in Care Procedure
 147                   </a>
 147                 </p>
 148                 <p>
 148                   <a href="p_app_role_iro.html">
 148                     Appointment and Role of Independent Reviewing Officers Procedure
 148                   </a>
 148                 </p>
 149                 <p class="bold">
 149                   RELATED GUIDANCE
 150                 </p>
 151                 <p>
 151                   <a
                       href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/441643/Child
                       ren_Act_Guidance_2015.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
 151                     The Children Act 1989 Guidance and Regulations - Volume 2: Care Planning, Placement and
                         Case Review (2015)
 151                   </a>
 151                 </p>
 152                 <p>
 152                   <a
                       href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/how-to-manage-bail-and-remand/how-to-manage
                       -bail-and-remands-section-3-case-management-guidance" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
 152                     YJB - Manage bail and remands: Section 3 case management guidance
 152                   </a>
 152                 </p>
 153               </div>
 160               <div class="section">
 160                 <h2 id="framework">
 160                   1. Youth Remand Framework under the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act
                       2012
 160                 </h2>
 161                 <p>
 161                   Under the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders (LASPO) Act 2012 all children
                       who are charged with an offence and refused bail must be remanded into local authority
                       accommodation, or (where certain criteria are met) Youth Detention Accommodation. In both
                       situations, the cost of this accommodation must be met by the designated local authority,
                       and the child will attain looked after status.
 161                 </p>
 162                 <p>
 162                   The Act gives local authorities greater financial responsibility for remands to Youth
                       Detention Accommodation. Youth Offending Teams will therefore have a financial interest in
                       ensuring that they are adequately prepared for the remand hearing. For example Youth
                       Offending Teams should, where appropriate, assist the court with information relating to:
 162                 </p>
 163                 <ul>
 164                   <li>
 164                     Available bail packages (e.g. Bail Support Programmes);
 164                   </li>
 165                   <li>
 165                     Available local authority accommodation (e.g. Remand Foster Care);
 165                   </li>
 166                   <li>
 166                     Relevant conditions available that may be attached to a remand to local authority
                         accommodation or bail;
 166                   </li>
 167                   <li>
 167                     Which local authority should be designated by the court where a child has been remanded to
                         local authority accommodation or Youth Detention Accommodation.
 167                   </li>
 168                 </ul>
 169                 <p>
 169                   When a Child in Care appears in court charged with an offence, the local authority, working
                       with the child's solicitor and the responsible YOT, should ordinarily work towards securing
                       bail for the child.
 169                 </p>
 170                 <p>
 170                   Care planning should consider the young person's needs both during the period of remand and
                       following the court hearing. The Care Plan will also need to consider arrangements for the
                       young person's support should they be convicted and receive a custodial sentence.
                       Furthermore, local authority support to the child and their family during this time is
                       important, and efforts should be made to ensure that time on remand does not disrupt
                       existing ties between the child and their community.
 170                 </p>
 171               </div>
 172               <div class="section1">
 172               </div>
 178               <div class="section">
 178                 <h2 id="ythdet">
 178                   2. Youth Detention Accommodation
 178                 </h2>
 179                 <p>
 179                   When a child or young person under 18 is remanded or sentenced to custody, the
 179                   <a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/youth-custody-service-placement-team"
                       target="_blank" rel="noopener">
 179                     Youth Custody Service
 179                   </a>
 179                   decides where they should be placed.
 179                 </p>
 180                 <p>
 180                   This comprises the following kinds of accommodation:
 180                 </p>
 181                 <ul>
 182                   <li>
 182                     A secure children's home;
 182                   </li>
 183                   <li>
 183                     A secure training centre;
 183                   </li>
 184                   <li>
 184                     A young offender institution.
 184                   </li>
 185                 </ul>
 186                 <p>
 186                   A court can only order a Remand to Youth Detention Accommodation where the following
                       conditions (set out in Section 98 and 99 LAPSOA) are met:
 186                 </p>
 187                 <ul>
 188                   <li>
 188                     The age condition, i.e. that they are aged at least 12 (but under 18 years of age);
 188                   </li>
 189                   <li>
 189                     The offence condition, i.e. the offence(s) to which the remand proceedings relate is a
                         violent offence, sexual offence or one that if committed by an adult is punishable with a
                         term of imprisonment of 14 years or more;
 189                   </li>
 190                   <li>
 190                     The necessity condition, i.e. that the court is of the opinion that after considering all
                         the options for remanding the child, including remand in local authority (non-secure)
                         accommodation, only remanding the child in Youth Detention Accommodation would be adequate
                         for the protection of the public from death or serious personal injury occasioned by
                         further offences committed by that child or to prevent the commission by the child of
                         imprisonable offences; and
 190                   </li>
 191                   <li>
 191                     The legal representation condition, i.e. the child must be legally represented or not
                         represented for specified reasons that are set out in Section 98.
 191                   </li>
 192                 </ul>
 193                 <p>
 193                   The child must also meet one of the two &quot;history conditions&quot; set out below.
 193                 </p>
 194                 <p>
 194                   The first &quot;history condition&quot; under which a child may be remanded to Youth
                       Detention Accommodation is if:
 194                 </p>
 195                 <ul>
 196                   <li>
 196                     The child has a recent history of absconding while subject to local authority
                         accommodation or youth detention accommodation, and
 196                   </li>
 197                   <li>
 197                     The offence(s) to which the remand proceedings relate is alleged to be, or has been found
                         to have been, committed whilst the child was remanded to local authority accommodation or
                         Youth Detention Accommodation.
 197                   </li>
 198                 </ul>
 199                 <p>
 199                   Alternatively, the second &quot;history condition&quot; is:
 199                 </p>
 200                 <ul>
 201                   <li>
 201                     The offence(s) to which the remand proceedings relate, together with any other
                         imprisonable offences of which the child has been convicted in any proceedings, amount -
                         or would, if the child were convicted of that offence or those offences, amount - to a
                         recent history of committing imprisonable offences while on bail or remanded to local
                         authority accommodation or Youth Detention Accommodation.
 201                   </li>
 202                 </ul>
 203                 <h3>
 203                   2.1
 203                   <a id="designated">
 203                   </a>
 203                   Designated Local Authority
 203                 </h3>
 204                 <p>
 204                   The court will ask the YOT officers in court which is the designated local authority for the
                       child or young person. If a remand to Youth Detention Accommodation is being considered, it
                       is important that this designation is correctly made. For Children in Care, the designation
                       must be to the 'home' authority, regardless of where they are living or where the offence
                       took place.
 204                 </p>
 205                 <h3>
 205                   2.2
 205                   <a id="safeguarding">
 205                   </a>
 205                   Safeguarding Children and Young People who are on Remand
 205                 </h3>
 206                 <p>
 206                   Children and young people in custody can be particularly vulnerable. When a child or young
                       person is remanded, the social worker should request a copy of the complaints procedure for
                       the establishment. Social workers should then familiarise themselves with the complaints
                       process and check that the child has been provided with information about, and understands,
                       the complaints process and also about their entitlement to advocacy.
 206                 </p>
 207                 <p>
 207                   Young people who are remanded should also be provided with information which is routinely
                       given to all children who become looked after. This could include for example:
 207                 </p>
 208                 <ul>
 209                   <li>
 209                     Contact details for their Social Worker, Independent Reviewing Officer and sources of
                         support (including out of hours);
 209                   </li>
 210                   <li>
 210                     Contact details for the Children's Commissioner Advice Line (0800 528 0731 /
 210                     <a href="mailto:advice.team@childrenscommissioner.gov.uk">
 210                       advice.team@childrenscommissioner.gov.uk
 210                     </a>
 210                     );
 210                   </li>
 211                   <li>
 211                     Information on the local Children's Rights / Advocacy Service / Independent Visitors for
                         Children in Care.
 211                   </li>
 212                 </ul>
 213                 <p>
 213                   If a remanded child complains to their social worker about any aspect of their care while
                       remanded, this should be recorded on the child's electronic record and reported to a manager
                       and the child's IRO. The most appropriate response will vary depending on the nature of the
                       complaint, and the type of accommodation the young person is remanded to, but could include
                       a referral to Children's Social Care and possible Section 47 Enquiry if the complaint
                       concerns actual or likely significant harm.
 213                 </p>
 214                 <p>
 214                   If the complaint concerns an allegation against staff, the
 214                   <a
                       href="https://www.proceduresonline.com/pancheshire/warrington/p_alleg_against_staff.html
                       " target="_blank" rel="noopener">
 214                     Warrington Safeguarding Partnership Procedures, Allegations Against Staff or Volunteers
                         Procedure
 214                   </a>
 214                   should be followed. Complaints in relation to services provided by a local authority should
                       be dealt with under the
 214                   <a href="p_reps_complaints.html">
 214                     Complaints and Representations Procedure
 214                   </a>
 214                   .
 214                 </p>
 215                 <p>
 215                   Where there are concerns that the young person is not being safeguarded or their welfare
                       promoted (for example, there are concerns relating to the quality of care the young person
                       is receiving, the suitability of the type of placement or issues around bullying, self harm,
                       violence or intimidation), in the first instance it may be possible to resolve the concerns
                       by agreement with the establishment itself.
 215                 </p>
 216                 <p>
 216                   Where issues cannot be resolved at establishment level, and if the responsible authority is
                       of the view that the young person needs to be moved to another establishment, see
 216                   <a href="#request">
 216                     Section 2.3, How to Request a Transfer or Placement Review
 216                   </a>
 216                   . The Local Authority should inform the establishment and Her Majesty's Prison and Probation
                       Service Young People's Team that they have decided to take this course of action.
 216                 </p>
 217                 <h3>
 217                   2.3
 217                   <a id="request">
 217                   </a>
 217                   How to Request a Transfer or Placement Review
 217                 </h3>
 218                 <p>
 218                   <a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/youth-custody-service-placement-team"
                       target="_blank" rel="noopener">
 218                     The Youth Custody Service (YCS)
 218                   </a>
 218                   carries out placement reviews to decide whether a transfer is required for a child or young
                       person.
 218                 </p>
 219                 <p>
 219                   YOTs can ask for one if they are responsible for a child or young person and:
 219                 </p>
 220                 <ul>
 221                   <li>
 221                     Their circumstances change;
 221                   </li>
 222                   <li>
 222                     There is a risk or issue with their current placement.
 222                   </li>
 223                 </ul>
 224                 <p>
 224                   To request a transfer, the YOT should read the
 224                   <a
                       href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/674661/YCS_P
                       lacement_Review_Guidance.doc" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
 224                     Placement Review Guidance
 224                   </a>
 224                   and then:
 224                 </p>
 225                 <ul>
 226                   <li>
 226                     Convene a multi-disciplinary meeting to establish how risk can be managed or reduced;
 226                   </li>
 227                   <li>
 227                     Complete the
 227                     <a
                         href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/674669/Pla
                         cement_Review_Form_YCS.docx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
 227                       Placement Review Form
 227                     </a>
 227                     (Refer to the
 227                     <a
                         href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/674672/Com
                         pleting_the_Placement_Review_Form_Guidance_and_Tips_YCS.docx" target="_blank"
                         rel="noopener">
 227                       Guidance and Tips document
 227                     </a>
 227                     for support on completing this form);
 227                   </li>
 228                   <li>
 228                     E-mail it to the Placement Review team at
 228                     <a href="mailto:YCSTransfers@justice.gov.uk" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
 228                       YCSTransfers@justice.gov.uk
 228                     </a>
 228                     .
 228                   </li>
 229                 </ul>
 230                 <p>
 230                   Other people can ask for a transfer but only the YOT and/or staff at the establishment where
                       the child is placed should contact the YCS Placement Team.
 230                 </p>
 231                 <p>
 231                   The YCS Placement Team makes the final decision in the best interests of the child or young
                       person after carefully considering all of the information available and opinions stated.
 231                 </p>
 232               </div>
 233               <div class="section1">
 233               </div>
 239               <div class="section">
 239                 <h2 id="laacc">
 239                   3. Local Authority Accommodation
 239                 </h2>
 240                 <h3>
 240                   3.1 Meaning of Local Authority Accommodation
 240                 </h3>
 241                 <p>
 241                   This means
 241                   <span class="bold">
 241                     any
 241                   </span>
 241                   accommodation provided by or on behalf of a local authority.
 241                 </p>
 242                 <p>
 242                   A court remanding a child to local authority accommodation may, after consultation with the
                       designated authority, impose on the authority requirements for securing compliance with any
                       conditions (see
 242                   <a href="#elec">
 242                     Section 3.3, Conditions/Electronic Monitoring
 242                   </a>
 242                   ) imposed on the child by the court, or requirements stipulating that the child must not be
                       placed with a named person. In the absence of any such requirements, it is for the
                       designated local authority to decide where the child resides.
 242                 </p>
 243                 <h3>
 243                   3.2 Designated Local Authority
 243                 </h3>
 244                 <p>
 244                   The court will ask the YOT officers in court which is the designated local authority for the
                       child or young person. The designated local authority will be responsible for identifying a
                       suitable placement.
 244                 </p>
 245                 <h3>
 245                   3.3
 245                   <a id="elec">
 245                   </a>
 245                   Conditions/Electronic Monitoring
 245                 </h3>
 246                 <p>
 246                   A court remanding a child to local authority accommodation may impose conditions (e.g. to
                       ensure that (s)he does not interfere with witnesses, or makes themselves available for the
                       preparation of court reports). The designated local authority may apply to the court for
                       such conditions to be imposed.
 246                 </p>
 247                 <p>
 247                   The court may impose electronic monitoring on children aged 12 and over to secure compliance
                       with such conditions provided that:
 247                 </p>
 248                 <ul>
 249                   <li>
 249                     The child or young person has been charged with or convicted of a violent or sexual
                         offence, or an offence punishable in the case of an adult with imprisonment for a term of
                         14 years or more; or
 249                   </li>
 250                   <li>
 250                     Is charged with or has been convicted of one or more imprisonable offences which, together
                         with any other imprisonable offences of which they have been convicted in any proceedings,
                         amount, or would amount if convicted of the offences with which they are charged, to a
                         recent history of repeatedly committing imprisonable offences while remanded on bail or to
                         local authority accommodation; and
 250                   </li>
 251                   <li>
 251                     The court has been notified by the Secretary of State that electronic monitoring
                         arrangements are available in the area and is satisfied that the necessary provision can
                         be made under those arrangements; and
 251                   </li>
 252                   <li>
 252                     The YOT has informed the court that the electronic monitoring requirement is suitable for
                         that child or young person (s. 3AA of the Bail Act 1976).
 252                   </li>
 253                 </ul>
 254                 <p>
 254                   A court may, on the application of the designated authority or the child, vary or revoke any
                       such conditions or requirements.
 254                 </p>
 255                 <p>
 255                   The child may be arrested without an arrest warrant if there are reasonable grounds for
                       suspecting that the child has broken any such conditions.
 255                 </p>
 256               </div>
 257               <div class="section1">
 257               </div>
 263               <div class="section">
 263                 <h2 id="escort">
 263                   4. Escort Arrangements
 263                 </h2>
 264                 <p>
 264                   Children remanded to Youth Detention Accommodation will be transported by the contracted
                       escort provider.
 264                 </p>
 265               </div>
 266               <div class="section1">
 266               </div>
 272               <div class="section">
 272                 <h2 id="trun">
 272                   5. Children who Turn 18 Years of Age During their Remand
 272                 </h2>
 273                 <p>
 273                   Where possible, young people who turn 18 while on remand should remain in the under-18
                       estate. This will be until the court case has concluded and their sentence given by the
                       court.
 273                 </p>
 274                 <p>
 274                   When considering whether there is a real prospect that a child will be sentenced to a
                       custodial sentence for the offence to which the proceedings relate and the child is likely
                       to turn 18 before conviction, a custodial sentence can include an adult custodial
                       sentence.&nbsp;
 274                 </p>
 275               </div>
 276               <div class="section1">
 276               </div>
 282               <div class="section">
 282                 <h2 id="care_plan">
 282                   6. Care Planning for Young People on Remand or Youth Detention Accommodation
 282                 </h2>
 283                 <p>
 283                   The decision to remand a child will be made by a Court. This decision may be made at short,
                       or no, notice for the local authority concerned.
 283                 </p>
 284                 <h3>
 284                   6.1 Remands to Local Authority Accommodation
 284                 </h3>
 285                 <ul>
 286                   <li>
 287                     <p>
 287                       Where a child is Looked After only by reason of being remanded to local authority
                           accommodation, the care plan must be prepared within 5 working days of the child being
                           remanded;
 287                     </p>
 288                   </li>
 289                   <li>
 290                     <p>
 290                       The Care Plan does not need to include the plan for permanence/long-term plan for the
                           child's upbringing, unless it is considered that the child needs to remain looked after
                           once the period of remand has ceased. However, consideration must be given to what
                           longer term support or accommodation the child will need following the remand episode.
 290                     </p>
 291                   </li>
 292                 </ul>
 293                 <p>
 293                   Otherwise, the care planning arrangements are the same as for all other Children in Care –
                       see
 293                   <a href="p_dec_look_aft.html">
 293                     Decision to Look After and Care Planning Procedure
 293                   </a>
 293                   .
 293                 </p>
 294                 <h3>
 294                   6.2 Remands to Youth Detention Accommodation
 294                 </h3>
 295                 <h4>
 295                   6.2.1 Where the child was Looked After immediately before being remanded:
 295                 </h4>
 296                 <ul>
 297                   <li>
 297                     A detention placement plan must be prepared based upon the assessment that has informed
                         the current Care / pathway plan (see
 297                     <a href="#det_place_plan">
 297                       Section 6.2.3, Detention Placement Plans
 297                     </a>
 297                     );
 297                   </li>
 298                   <li>
 298                     A copy of the Care / Pathway Plan must also be given to the Governor, Director or
                         Registered Manager of the Youth Detention Accommodation;
 298                   </li>
 299                   <li>
 299                     The provisions as to Health Assessments (see
 299                     <a href="p_healthcare_assmt.htm">
 299                       Health Care Assessments and Plans Procedure
 299                     </a>
 299                     ) do not apply.
 299                   </li>
 300                 </ul>
 301                 <h4>
 301                   6.2.2 Where the child was not Looked After immediately before being remanded:
 301                 </h4>
 302                 <ul>
 303                   <li>
 303                     A Detention Placement Plan must be prepared instead of a Care Plan / Placement Plan,
                         within 10 working days of the remand. This will require an assessment of 'sufficient
                         quality' to ensure identification of the child's needs and how the YDA Establishment will
                         respond to them on a day-day basis;
 303                   </li>
 304                   <li>
 304                     The provisions as to Health Assessments (see
 304                     <a href="p_healthcare_assmt.htm">
 304                       Health Care Assessments and Plans Procedure
 304                     </a>
 304                     ) do
 304                     <span class="bold">
 304                       not
 304                     </span>
 304                     apply, but the responsible authority must take all reasonable steps to ensure that the
                         child is provided with appropriate health care services, in accordance with the Detention
                         Placement Plan including medical and dental care and treatment, and advice and guidance on
                         health, personal care and health promotion issues;
 304                   </li>
 305                   <li>
 305                     Visits should take place in accordance with the
 305                     <a href="p_sw_visits.html">
 305                       Social Worker Visits to Children in Care Procedure
 305                     </a>
 305                     . It is also good practice for the Social Worker to attend the child's remand planning
                         meetings. In addition, where the child is serving their sentence in a SCH or STC, a visit
                         should also take place if there has been a notification by the Ofsted Chief Inspector of
                         the underperformance of a placement provider (under Section 30A of the Care Standards Act
                         2000 or under Section 47 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994) or, where the
                         child is placed in a YOI, concerns about the welfare or safety of children are raised by
                         Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Prisons;
 305                   </li>
 306                   <li>
 306                     In relation to
 306                     <a href="p_look_aft_rev.html">
 306                       Case Reviews Procedure
 306                     </a>
 306                     , the responsible authority does
 306                     <span class="bold">
 306                       not
 306                     </span>
 306                     have to consider whether they should seek any change in the child's legal status, whether
                         there is a plan for permanence for the child, or whether the placement continues to be the
                         most appropriate available and whether any change to the placement agreement is likely to
                         become necessary before the next review (see also 
 306                     <a href="p_lac_yp_youth.html">
 306                       Children in Care and Young People in Contact with the Youth Justice Service Procedure
 306                     </a>
 306                     );
 306                   </li>
 307                   <li>
 307                     The provisions as to avoidance of disruption in education, placements out of area and
                         termination of placements do not apply.
 307                   </li>
 308                 </ul>
 309                 <h4>
 309                   6.2.3
 309                   <a id="det_place_plan">
 309                   </a>
 309                   Detention Placement Plans
 309                 </h4>
 310                 <p>
 310                   See
 310                   <a
                       href="https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/441643/Child
                       ren_Act_Guidance_2015.pdf#page=150" target="_blank" rel="noopener">
 310                     Matters to be dealt with in a Detention Placement Plan
 310                   </a>
 310                   of the Children Act 1989 Guidance and Regulations: Volume 2: Care Planning, Placement and
                       Case Review (2015).
 310                 </p>
 311               </div>
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