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136 <h1>
136 Families with No Recourse to Public Funds
136 </h1>
141 <div class="well">
142 <p class="bold">
142 RELEVANT CHAPTER
143 </p>
144 <p>
144 <a href="p_uasc.html">
144 Unaccompanied Migrant Children and Child Victims of Trafficking and Modern Slavery
Procedure
144 </a>
144 </p>
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145 RELEVANT GUIDANCE
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146 <a href="http://www.nrpfnetwork.org.uk/guidance/Pages/default.aspx" target="_blank"
rel="noopener">
146 No Recourse to Public Funds Network Practice Guidance
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target="_blank" rel="noopener">
147 Securing British Citizenship for Looked After Children - NRPF Network
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147 </div>
154 <div class="section">
154 <h2 id="who">
154 1. Who are Families with No Recourse to Public Funds
154 </h2>
155 <p>
155 People who have no legal entitlement to financial support or assistance from the state are
people who have no recourse to public funds. They may self-refer for support or are referred
from other agencies.
155 </p>
156 <p>
156 Children's Social Care Services are likely to be approached by families with children or by
children or young people who are unaccompanied or separated from their parent or
legal/customary caregiver.
156 </p>
157 <p>
157 These families may be:
157 </p>
158 <ol style="list-style-type:lower-alpha">
159 <li>
159 People with refugee status from another European Economic Area (EEA) country other than
the UK or are dependents of people in the UK who have refugee status from a EEA country
other than the UK;
159 </li>
160 <li>
160 People who are citizens of an EEA country other than the UK or are the dependents of
people who are citizens of an EEA country other than the UK;
160 </li>
161 <li>
161 Failed asylum seekers who have exhausted their appeal rights and who have failed to
co-operate with removal directions;
161 </li>
162 <li>
162 Persons who are unlawfully present in the UK who are not asylum-seekers, for example,
people who have overstayed their leave to remain, people who have been trafficked into the
country, people who entered the country illegally;
162 </li>
163 <li>
163 People who have been granted limited leave to remain on the condition that they have no
recourse to public funds, for example, people who are spouses/unmarried partners of
persons with British citizenship or indefinite leave to remain, who have been granted a
two year probationary period on condition of no recourse to public funds;
163 </li>
164 <li>
164 People who have been granted discretionary leave to remain, for example, 'separated'
children or young people from non-suspensive appeal countries whom the Home Office does
not grant either refugee status or humanitarian protection, and are given 12 months leave
to remain or until their 18th birthday, whichever is shorter;
164 </li>
165 <li>
165 People on student visas who are unable to work and have no recourse to public funds.
165 </li>
166 </ol>
167 <p>
167 (This list is by no means exhaustive and provides examples of the categories of people who
may present to Children's Social Care Services as destitute and have no recourse to public
funds.)
167 </p>
168 </div>
169 <div class="section1">
169 </div>
175 <div class="section">
175 <h2 id="role">
175 2. Role of the Local Authority
175 </h2>
176 <p>
176 The local authority is restricted by legislation in what it can provide in terms of
assistance and support for all the categories of people outlined in the previous section.
176 </p>
177 <p>
177 Under Section 54 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002, families who fall
under categories a. to d. are not eligible for support from the local authority under
Sections 17, 23C, 24A or 24B of the Children Act 1989. They are also not eligible for adult
social care support under the Care Act 2014 or accommodation under homelessness legislation.
177 </p>
178 <p>
178 The Home Office allows for limited forms of assistance to be given by local authorities to
some families and this could be in the form of:
178 </p>
179 <ul>
180 <li>
180 Travel assistance to leave the UK to people with dependents under 18 years;
180 </li>
181 <li>
181 Temporary accommodation to people with dependents under 18 years awaiting the
implementation of their travel arrangements;
181 </li>
182 <li>
182 Temporary accommodation to people in category d. with dependents under 18 who are awaiting
instructions for removal.
182 </li>
183 </ul>
184 <p>
184 However, the local authority still has the following duties towards
184 <span class="bold">
184 all children, young people and families regardless of their status
184 </span>
184 :
184 </p>
185 <ul>
186 <li>
186 To carry out a Child in Need Assessment for all children under 18 years old who are in
families, where there may be concerns about a child/children's welfare and/or safety under
the Children Act 1989 (including any issues that may indicate that the child is or has
been trafficked or a victim of compulsory labour, servitude and slavery);
186 </li>
187 <li>
187 To carry out a Child in Need Assessment for all 'separated' children under the age of 18
and to provide them with services in line with needs identified under the Children Act
1989;
187 </li>
188 <li>
188 To carry out an assessment of an adult for community care services under the Care Act 2014
where the adult's need for such services have not arisen solely due to destitution and/or
to avoid a breach of the adult's human rights which would otherwise occur if no services
were provided.
188 </li>
189 </ul>
190 </div>
191 <div class="section1">
191 </div>
197 <div class="section">
197 <h2 id="procedure">
197 3. Procedures for Working with Families with no Recourse to Public Funds
197 </h2>
198 <p>
198 Families with no recourse to public funds usually present in one of two different ways:
198 </p>
199 <ul>
200 <li>
200 Self-referral without an appointment;
200 </li>
201 <li>
201 Self-referral or referral by an external agency, by appointment.
201 </li>
202 </ul>
203 <p>
203 Social workers need to consider if there is a possibility or evidence to suggest that there
are child in need concerns or the potential for child in need concerns. This may include
health needs affecting the parent/s or children, for example, chronic health conditions,
physical disabilities, learning disabilities, or child protection issues, e.g. neglect,
domestic violence and abuse.
203 </p>
204 <p>
204 If there is a strong possibility of such needs as outlined above, an assessment should be
undertaken.
204 </p>
205 <p>
205 When interviewing members of the family, social workers should explore, as fully as
possible, existing sources of help and support in the community, voluntary groups, social
networks etc.
205 </p>
206 <p>
206 Because of the 'no recourse' status of the parents, social workers will also have to check
the following alongside the Child in Need assessment:
206 </p>
207 <ol>
208 <li>
208 <a href="#key_doc">
208 Key Documents
208 </a>
208 ;
208 </li>
209 <li>
209 <a href="#local">
209 Local Connection
209 </a>
209 ;
209 </li>
210 <li>
210 <a href="#immigration">
210 Immigration Status of the Client
210 </a>
210 ;
210 </li>
211 <li>
211 <a href="#destitute">
211 Destitution
211 </a>
211 .
212 </li>
213 </ol>
214 <br />
215 <br />
216 <table title="table topics to be checked" class="table">
217 <caption class="hide">
217 Caption: topics to be checked
217 </caption>
218 <tr class="hide">
219 <th scope="col">
219
219 </th>
220 <th scope="col">
220
220 </th>
221 </tr>
223 <tr>
224 <td>
224 1.
224 </td>
225 <td colspan="2" class="bold">
225 <a id="key_doc">
225 </a>
225 Key Documents
225 </td>
226 </tr>
227 <tr>
228 <td>
228
228 </td>
229 <td>
229 a.
229 </td>
230 <td>
230 <p>
230 The person seeking a service must have sufficient identification although this may not
be possible if, for example, the person is fleeing domestic violence and abuse. In
such cases evidence should be established at a later date via the assistance of a
solicitor or the police;
230 </p>
230 </td>
231 </tr>
232 <tr>
233 <td>
233
233 </td>
234 <td>
234 b
234 </td>
235 <td>
235 <p>
235 If they do not bring the necessary documentation on first presentation, the assessment
can still go ahead but the social worker must inform them that any decisions regarding
provision of support can only be made when they have provided the appropriate
documents, and they should have all the required documents before another interview is
arranged;
235 </p>
235 </td>
236 </tr>
237 <tr>
238 <td>
238
238 </td>
239 <td>
239 c.
239 </td>
240 <td>
240 <p>
240 If an interpreter is required, arrangements should be made with the interpreter to
inform the person concerned of the documentation required;
240 </p>
240 </td>
241 </tr>
242 <tr>
243 <td>
243
243 </td>
244 <td>
244 d.
244 </td>
245 <td>
245 <p>
245 Those seeking a service should be asked to verify their identity and immigration
status with the production of the following forms of identification:
245 </p>
246 <ul>
247 <li>
247 Passports and birth certificates for all members of the family;
247 </li>
248 <li>
248 If available, travel documents e.g. return air tickets;
248 </li>
249 <li>
249 Home Officer papers (Application Registration Card (ARC), application letters or
refusal letters) and solicitors' letters; and
249 </li>
250 <li>
250 If available, bank account statements (from the last 3 months).
250 </li>
251 </ul>
251 </td>
252 </tr>
253 <tr>
254 <td>
254
254 </td>
255 <td>
255 e.
255 </td>
256 <td>
256 <p>
256 All identification documents supplied must be original documents, which should be
photo-copied or scanned and the copy/scanned documents retained on the relevant file;
256 </p>
256 </td>
257 </tr>
258 <tr>
259 <td>
259
259 </td>
260 <td>
260 f.
260 </td>
261 <td>
261 <p>
261 If the applicant or any dependents have health needs, they must provide any documented
evidence of ill health or disability for any member of the family, e.g. OT reports,
mental health/psychiatric reports.
261 </p>
261 </td>
262 </tr>
263 <tr>
264 <td>
264 2.
264 </td>
265 <td colspan="2" class="bold">
265 <a id="local">
265 </a>
265 Local Connection
265 </td>
266 </tr>
267 <tr>
268 <td>
268
268 </td>
269 <td>
269 a.
269 </td>
270 <td>
270 <p>
270 It is important to establish where the person has a local connection as it may be
another local authority, which has responsibility for this person;
270 </p>
270 </td>
271 </tr>
272 <tr>
273 <td>
273
273 </td>
274 <td>
274 b.
274 </td>
275 <td>
275 <p>
275 Local connection criteria need not always apply, for example, if the person is at risk
of violence if they return to the local authority where they have a local connection;
275 </p>
275 </td>
276 </tr>
277 <tr>
278 <td>
278
278 </td>
279 <td>
279 c.
279 </td>
280 <td>
280 <p>
280 It should be stressed social workers will follow up on the contact details given by
those seeking a service to make enquiries to verify the local connection;
280 </p>
280 </td>
281 </tr>
282 <tr>
283 <td>
283
283 </td>
284 <td>
284 d.
284 </td>
285 <td>
285 <p>
285 If it is established that the person has a local connection with another local
authority, social workers should refer the person to that local authority.
285 </p>
285 </td>
286 </tr>
287 <tr>
288 <td>
288 3.
288 </td>
289 <td colspan="2" class="bold">
289 <a id="immigration">
289 </a>
289 Immigration Status of the Client
289 </td>
290 </tr>
291 <tr>
292 <td>
292
292 </td>
293 <td>
293 a.
293 </td>
294 <td>
294 <p>
294 Nominated persons will be able to ring the Home Office to check if the person
concerned has a 'live' asylum application, been refused asylum, or has some other
application pending;
294 </p>
294 </td>
295 </tr>
296 <tr>
297 <td>
297
297 </td>
298 <td>
298 b.
298 </td>
299 <td>
299 <p>
299 Social workers should have the documentation outlined in Key Documents to establish
the status and identity of the applicant and their dependents and this should be
cross-referenced with the Home Office as fully as possible;
299 </p>
299 </td>
300 </tr>
301 <tr>
302 <td>
302
302 </td>
303 <td>
303 c.
303 </td>
304 <td>
304 <p>
304 Social workers need to tell over-stayers they have a duty to inform the Home Office as
they have approached the local authority for assistance.
304 </p>
304 </td>
305 </tr>
306 <tr>
307 <td>
307 4.
307 </td>
308 <td colspan="2" class="bold">
308 <a id="destitute">
308 </a>
308 Destitution
308 </td>
309 </tr>
310 <tr>
311 <td>
311
311 </td>
312 <td>
312 a.
312 </td>
313 <td>
313 <p>
313 It is important to build up a clear picture of the family's circumstances and social
workers need to assess if the client is indeed destitute, i.e. they have no means of
supporting themself nor family or friends whom they can rely on for support;
313 </p>
313 </td>
314 </tr>
315 <tr>
316 <td>
316
316 </td>
317 <td>
317 b.
317 </td>
318 <td>
318 <p>
318 Social workers must consider if the information given both verbally and in documented
form is credible. If they do not think it is credible, they must be confident that
there is enough evidence to the contrary (taking care to record this) in case the
local authority decision is subject to legal challenge.
318 </p>
318 </td>
319 </tr>
320 </table>
321 <h3>
321 Completion of Assessment
321 </h3>
322 <p>
322 When the assessment is completed, the social worker should discuss the outcome of the
assessment with their line manager.
322 </p>
323 <p>
323 If the family is in need of urgent/immediate support, the social worker should seek legal
advice and discuss the case with the line manager. Authorisation must be sought from the
Service Manager before any provision of immediate support.
323 </p>
324 <h3>
324 Terminating Support
324 </h3>
325 <p>
325 The decision to terminate support for an ongoing case should be made by the Service Manager.
This needs to be informed with an up-to-date assessment.
325 </p>
326 <p>
326 The social worker will need to inform the parents if their support is to be terminated. This
should be done in an interview, with the use of an interpreter if necessary.
326 </p>
327 <p>
327 The social worker should arrange for a letter to be sent to the persons concerned including
the 28 day notice period from when support will terminate and to advise them to seek legal
advice if they disagree with the decision. This letter should be translated into the
person's first language as appropriate.
327 </p>
328 <h3>
328 Arranging Support
328 </h3>
329 <p>
329 Social workers will need to ensure the Assessment Record sets out the basis upon which
support for the family is provided and outlining the needs of the family. This should cover:
329 </p>
330 <ul>
331 <li>
331 If the family needs an interpreter;
331 </li>
332 <li>
332 Special accommodation needs;
332 </li>
333 <li>
333 Health needs;
333 </li>
334 <li>
334 Length of proposed support;
334 </li>
335 <li>
335 The legislation under which the family is being supported, e.g. Section 17 of the Children
Act 1989.
335 </li>
336 </ul>
337 <h3>
337 Provision of Accommodation
337 </h3>
338 <p>
338 For families with no recourse to public funds who require accommodation the following steps
should be taken:
338 </p>
339 <ol>
340 <li>
340 The person concerned and the social worker should identify the specific needs of the
family taking into account location, type of property required;
340 </li>
341 <li>
341 The social worker should identify appropriate properties;
341 </li>
342 <li>
342 The social worker and person/s concerned should view suitable properties and identify a
suitable property taking into account the needs of the family and the location;
342 </li>
343 <li>
343 Accommodation must be fully furnished;
343 </li>
344 <li>
344 The social worker will negotiate with the landlord the payment of the bond, rent and
acquire the relevant information to make payment;
344 </li>
345 <li>
345 The social worker will obtain copies of documents indicating that all safety checks have
been completed in relation to the property;
345 </li>
346 <li>
346 The tenancy agreement will only be in the parent's name as this will facilitate future
claims for benefits if leave to remain is granted;
346 </li>
347 <li>
347 The social worker will make arrangements for payments of rent to the landlord on a monthly
basis directly to their bank account and ensure that Council tax is also paid;
347 </li>
348 <li>
348 The social worker will ensure that prior to and after the family move into the tenancy
everything is in place;
348 </li>
349 <li>
349 If the family is granted leave to remain at a future date the social worker will meet with
the landlord and family to clarify payment of rent, council tax and tenancy agreement.
This will be confirmed in writing to the landlord and the tenant;
349 </li>
350 <li>
350 The landlord and family has a duty to notify the local authority that they are in receipt
of benefits/housing benefit and any over payment of rent to the landlord will be reclaimed
by the local authority.
350 </li>
351 </ol>
352 <h3>
352 Independent Family Returns Panel
352 </h3>
353 <p>
353 Under s. 54A Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009 (inserted by s.3 Immigration Act
2014), the Secretary of State must consult the Independent Family Returns Panel in each
family returns case, on how best to safeguard and promote the welfare of the children of the
family, and in each case where the Secretary of State proposes to detain a family in
pre-departure accommodation, on the suitability of so doing, having particular regard to the
need to safeguard and promote the welfare of the children of the family.
353 </p>
354 <p>
354 A family returns case is a case where a child who is living in the United Kingdom is to be
removed from or required to leave the United Kingdom, together with their parent/carer.
354 </p>
355 <p>
355 Pre-departure accommodation is a secure facility designed to be used as a last resort where
families fail to co-operate with other options to leave the UK, such as the offer of
assisted voluntary return.
355 </p>
356 <p>
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