Contact with Parents, Siblings and Others
REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
The Fostering Services (England) Regulations 2011
Regulation 14 - Duty to promote contact
Fostering Services: National Minimum Standards
STANDARD 9 - Promoting and supporting contact
SCOPE OF THIS CHAPTER
This chapter explains the arrangements that need to be in place in relation to the contact that children placed with Agency foster carers have with parents, anyone with Parental Responsibility who is not a parent, siblings, any relative, friend or other person connected with the child.
RELEVANT GUIDANCE
The Children Act 1989 Guidance and Regulations - Volume 2: Care Planning, Placement and Case Review
RELATED CHAPTERS
Contents
- Principles
- Contact with Parents and Siblings and Others
- Different Types of Contact
- Unsupervised Contact
- Supervised Contact
- Foster Carers Visiting Family Homes
- Concerns During Contact
- Restrictions or Termination of Contact
1. Principles
The Agency will support children to have appropriate and carefully assessed contact (direct and/or indirect) with their family, friends and other people who are important to them, such as previous carers, with no unnecessary restrictions in place. Staff will work proactively and positively with parents and former carers to promote meaningful and safe contact and continuity of care where appropriate. Section 14 of the Fostering Services (England) Regulations 2011 states:
- The fostering service provider must, subject to the provisions of the care plan and any court order relating to contact, promote contact between a child placed with a foster parent and the child's parents, relatives and friends unless such contact is not reasonably practicable or consistent with the child's welfare.2. Contact with Parents and Siblings
For many children, relationships with family members, previous carers, friends and others are valued. Contact can be very important in helping children develop their sense of identity and understand their lives.
Wherever possible and appropriate, children should be encouraged and supported to maintain contact with their parents (and anyone with Parental Responsibility who is not a parent), siblings, any relative, friend or other person connected with the child.
Such contacts should be consistent with the child's Care Plan; which, itself, must take account of any Child Protection Plan or Contact Order that may be in force.
Contact between children and parents or siblings and others may only be permitted if previously agreed by the child's social worker and set out in the child's Placement Plan.
It may be useful to encourage young people to share details of how they communicate with others (this may include mobile phones or other social networking sites and apps and consoles such as Xbox or Play Station) and an agreement reached between the young person, social worker and foster carer about how safely to do this.
Contact arrangements should be focused on, and shaped around, the child's needs. The child's welfare is the paramount consideration at all times and each child's wishes and needs for contact should be individually considered and regularly assessed. The wishes and feelings of the child should be ascertained, wherever possible, using advocacy and communication services if necessary.
So far as it is reasonably practicable, the wishes and feelings of the parents and the child's carers must be ascertained before a decision about contact arrangements is made.
Both direct and indirect contact arrangements should always be clearly detailed setting out the purpose, how contact will take place, the venue (or type of meeting place), the frequency and how the arrangements will be evaluated and reviewed. The use of mobile communication should also be considered.
Contact arrangements must not be withdrawn as a sanction imposed on a child.
Foster carers should be supported to understand what decisions about contact are delegated to them, in line with the child's care plan, and make those decisions in the child's best interests.
3. Different Types of Contact
Face to face meetings and visits will generally be the best way of maintaining relationships, but other means such as letters, mobile communication, photograph exchanges etc. should be borne in mind. Responsible authorities and carers should work together to explore how electronic media can support positive relationships for children. Children should be supported to ensure they are safe online rather than this form of contact being avoided. It may be useful to encourage young people to share details of how they communicate with others (this may include mobile phones or other social networking sites and apps and consoles such as Xbox or Play Station) and an agreement reached between the young person, social worker and foster carer about how safely to do this.
4. Unsupervised Contact
Children may only have unsupervised contact with the agreement of the placing authority and where the arrangements for such contact are set out in the Placement Plan.
5. Supervised Contact
The decision about the need for supervised contact will be made by the placing authority as part of the assessment and planning process, the reasons should be clearly recorded and the arrangements set out in the child's Placement Plan, which will be regularly reviewed as a minimum at the Looked After Review.
The arrangements will include the details about the role of the supervisor, the extent of the supervision required (it may be sufficient to supervise from an adjacent room) and if the visit is confined to a certain identified area, for example a specified contact centre.
Those supervising such visits should familiarise themselves with the requirements as detailed in the Placement Plan, follow the requirements specified and fully record their observations as soon as possible after the contact visit takes place.
The supervisor's observations of the contact must be clearly recorded in the child's record and shared with the parents by the placing authority within 3 months of the visit (Local Government and Social Care Ombudsman finding).
6. Foster Carers Visiting Family Homes
Foster carer(s) may visit children or supervise them in the family homes. They must consult their Supervising Social Worker beforehand - and a risk assessment should be completed. Advice should be provided to the foster carer on any risks and strategies they should adopt.
If foster carers are confronted with unacceptable behaviour during the visit, they should attempt to comply with the guidance provided by their Supervising Social Worker, but if they consider that they and/or the child are at significant risk, they should leave, preferably with the child, and contact the child' social worker and their Supervising Social Worker in the first instance.
7. Concerns During Contact
Whenever the foster carers and/or the fostering Agency's staff are concerned about a child's reaction to contact, this will be communicated to the child's social worker and the discussion will be recorded.
Should foster carers or other Agency staff have any concerns during contact and consider that immediate action is required, they should take what reasonable steps they can to reduce or prevent any risk - wherever possible this action should be taken by a foster carer after first consulting their Supervising Social Worker or by other Agency staff after consulting their line manager. In exceptional circumstances, they should notify the Police.
Emergency restrictions on contact can only be made by the Agency to protect the child from significant risk and must be notified to the placing authority (child's social worker) within 24 hours.
8. Restrictions or Termination of Contact
As stated above, contact should always be agreed with the placing authority and no restrictions on contact should be made by the foster carers without the agreement of the child's social worker. No unnecessary restrictions on contact will be imposed.
The only exception to this is in an emergency situation where the foster carer or a member of staff within the Agency reasonably believes that they need to safeguard or promote the welfare of the child; if foster carers takes any such action, they must notify their Supervising Social Worker and the child's social worker immediately afterwards or as soon as is reasonably practicable but within one working day.